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"Give more freedom to reform the free trade pilot zone autonomy and explore the building of a free trade port", the report of the 19th National Congress caused a heated debate. It is understood that at present, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and many other places are in the process of establishing or exploring free trade ports. From the progress of view, Shanghai is undoubtedly walking in front. Recently, the Ministry of Commerce said that it will work with Shanghai Municipality and relevant departments to study and formulate plans for the establishment of a free trade port.

"At present, Shanghai has submitted the plan of building a free trade port to the relevant state ministries for comments. Next Pudong will work with the relevant departments to do a good job in the construction of a regional seine and regulatory platform to prepare for the official launch." Recently , Pudong New Area Mayor, Shanghai Free Trade Zone Administrative Committee, Hang Yingwei, deputy director of Pudong New Area CPPCC informed briefing.

It is reported that as the first free trade zone in China, the construction of a free trade port is regarded as an important breakthrough in the 3.0 version of Shanghai Free Trade Zone. According to the "Comprehensively Deepening the Reform and Opening-up Plan of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone" announced in March this year, Shanghai will set up a "Free Trade Port Area" within the customs supervised areas such as Yangshan Free Trade Port Zone and Shanghai Pudong Airport Bonded Zone, .

What is a free trade port? On January 10, Wang Yang, vice premier of the State Council wrote in his article entitled People's Daily that a free port is a special area located outside the border of a country (region) where goods and funds personnel are free and free of duties and most goods are exempt from customs duties. It is currently the country with the highest level of opening up to the world Special economic function area. In his article, he said that the coastline of our country is long and the islands are rich in resources. It is of great significance to explore a free trade port with Chinese characteristics so as to create an open new highland with a higher level of openness, a better business environment and a stronger radiation role in promoting the innovation and development of an open economy.

Bai Ming and other experts, deputy director of the Institute of International Market Research Institute of Ministry of Commerce, said that free trade ports generally have the characteristics of "first line (border line) liberalization and second line (link with non-free trade port) .

At present, the world-famous free trade ports include Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Rotterdam and Dubai. In Singapore, for example, 99% of its trade clearances can be handled electronically. Processing can be completed within 10 minutes and the annual trade cost saved can reach billions of dollars.

"In short, a free trade port is a free trade zone in the free trade zone." Gu Hongmei, a member of the CPPCC National Committee and director of Yangshan Customs, who is involved in the construction of a free trade zone, said that the free trade harbor is larger than the free trade zone The change occurred in the liberalization of front-line management. Relying on informational regulatory measures, the free trade port will cancel or minimize the trade control measures for incoming goods, minimize first-tier declaration procedures and substantially enhance the level of trade facilitation.

"Although the original free trade zone exempted tariffs, the flow of goods in the zone remained constrained, which created obstacles to the development of entrepot trade, etc. In contrast, free trade ports do not declare customs duties, Re-export trade is also unrestricted, said Hang Ying Wei.

Experts said that in addition to trade, free trade ports can also be implemented in accordance with international practice, financial, foreign exchange, investment and immigration and other management systems, thus creating a kind of "offshore" environment. "Many industries with offshore features, such as international financial leasing, international ship registration and international transit, will usher in opportunities for development," said Gu Hongmei.

Zheng Yang, director of the Shanghai Municipal Finance Office, said that for the free trade port, finance can play an important role, for example, facilitating convenient capital flow in free ports of trade, optimizing cross-border capital services in local and foreign currencies, cross-border RMB products Innovation can be strengthened; to allow financial institutions to innovate offshore financing to support free trade Port industry pointed out that these features of free trade port will bring significant market development activities, but also lead to a high degree of attention to the capital markets

It is noteworthy that, like the free trade zone, the free trade port under construction in Shanghai is not its own private plots but a strategy that serves the entire country's opening to the outside world. In combination with the "Belt and Road" and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, it will also become a new mission of Shanghai's free trade port.

"The free trade port area to be built in Shanghai is not a simple upgrade of the bonded area or the special customs control area, but the first to explore the highest standards of international standards and a higher level of economic management system and mechanism." In the second half of this year Shanghai Municipal People's Congress held at the meeting, said the Shanghai municipal government.

Long Guoqiang, deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said that in the next step, with greater determination and efforts in reform, it will continue to play its role as a free trade pilot zone and build a new open highland on this basis and explore a free trade port. In his view, a free trade port

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来源： 经济参考报

本期编辑：田艳红

审 发：张彦超